Flotation Cell (Savassi, Dynamic)

Description

This article describes a dynamic implementation of the Savassi (2005) flotation model for use in time-dependent simulations of mechanical flotation cells..^[1]

The dynamic version uses the same underlying theory and structure as the steady-state Savassi flotation model. For a full description of the steady-state model, see Flotation Cell (Savassi).

Model theory

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Figure 1. Schematic of a flotation cell.

Floatability classes

Unsteady-state mass balance

Recovery by true flotation

Recovery by entrainment

Tailings discharge

Time step discretisation

Steady-state equivalence

Pulp volume

Gas hold-up

Residence time

Bubble surface area flux

Froth recovery

Entrainment

Water recovery

Water rate function

Additional dynamic simulation considerations

Froth depth and pulp level

Feed and tailings discharge height

Froth Carry Rate and Lip Loading

Cell overflow

Recovery

Excel

The dynamic Savassi flotation model is not implemented in Excel for practical purposes. Excel is not a convenient platform for dynamic simulation and SysCAD (or similar) is preferred.

SysCAD

The sections and variable names used in the SysCAD interface are described in detail in the following tables.

MD_Flotation page

The first tab page in the access window will have this name.

Tag (Long/Short)	Input / Display	Description/Calculated Variables/Options
Tag	Display	This name tag may be modified with the change tag option.
Condition	Display	OK if no errors/warnings, otherwise lists errors/warnings.
ConditionCount	Display	The current number of errors/warnings. If condition is OK, returns 0.
GeneralDescription / GenDesc	Display	This is an automatically generated description for the unit. If the user has entered text in the 'EqpDesc' field on the Info tab (see below), this will be displayed here. If this field is blank, then SysCAD will display the unit class ID.
Requirements
On	CheckBox	This enables the unit. If this box is not checked, then the MassFracToCon option appears below.
MassFracToCon	Input	Only appears if the On field above is not checked. Specifies the fraction of feed mass that reports to the concentrate stream when the model is off.
Method	User defined	The recovery to concentrate for each size interval is defined by the user. Different values can be used for different solids.
Method	Savassi	The Savassi model is used to determine the recovery of solids and liquids to concentrate.
Options
ShowQFeed	CheckBox	QFeed and associated tab pages (eg Sp) will become visible, showing the properties of the combined feed stream.
ShowQCon	CheckBox	QCon and associated tab pages (eg Sp) will become visible, showing the properties of the concentrate stream.
ShowQTail	CheckBox	QTail and associated tab pages (eg Sp) will become visible, showing the properties of the tailings stream.
ShowCZContent	CheckBox	CZContent and associated tab pages (eg Sp) will become visible, showing the properties of the cell collection zone content.
SizeForPassingFracCalc	Input	Size fraction for % Passing calculation. The size fraction input here will be shown in the Stream Summary section.
FracForPassingSizeCalc	Input	Fraction passing for Size calculation. The fraction input here will be shown in the Stream Summary section.
Stream Summary
MassFlow / Qm	Display	The total mass flow in each stream.
SolidMassFlow / SQm	Display	The Solids mass flow in each stream.
LiquidMassFlow / LQm	Display	The Liquid mass flow in each stream.
VolFlow / Qv	Display	The total Volume flow in each stream.
Temperature / T	Display	The Temperature of each stream.
Density / Rho	Display	The Density of each stream.
SolidFrac / Sf	Display	The Solid Fraction in each stream.
LiquidFrac / Lf	Display	The Liquid Fraction in each stream.
Passing	Display	The mass fraction passing the user-specified size (in the field SizeForPassingFracCalc) in each stream.
Passes	Display	The user-specified (in the field FracForPassesSizeCalc) fraction of material in each stream will pass this size fraction.

Cell page

The Cell page is used to specify the input parameters for the flotation model.

Tag (Long/Short)	Input / Display	Description/Calculated Variables/Options
Savassi
HelpLink		Opens a link to this page using the system default web browser. Note: Internet access is required.
Mode	Steady State	The steady-state Savassi flotation model is used in SysCAD Dynamic simulation mode instead of the dynamic Savassi flotation model described here. This approach may be useful when very large SysCAD step sizes are used and steady-state operation can be assumed between each time step.
Mode	Dynamic	The dynamic Savassi flotation model described here is used to determine the cell contents and products.
MaxSubStepSize	Input	The maximum allowed size of internal sub-steps for each SysCAD step.
SubStepSize	Display	The actual size of internal sub-steps for each SysCAD step.
MinSubSteps	Display	The minimum number internal sub-steps for each SysCAD step. May be affected by user defined MaxSubStepSize and/or kinetic rate parameters arising from ore floatability, bubble flux, froth recovery or cell scale-up factors.
SubSteps	Display	The actual number of internal sub-steps for each SysCAD step.
Cell
CellVolume/ VCell	Input	The total volume of the cell.
MechanismVolume / VMechansim	Input	Volume of the impeller mechanism in the cell.
CellArea / ACell	Input	Cross sectional area of the cell.
FrothDepth / Hf	Display	Froth depth from the top of the cell.
AirRate/ QAir	Input	Flow rate of air into the cell.
AirDensity / RhoAir	Display	Density of air.
SuperficialGasRate / Jg	Display	The superficial velocity of air through the cell.
EffCellPulpVolume / VEffective	Display	Volume of cell available for pulp.
GasHoldUp
GasHoldUpModel	No Gas Hold Up	No gas is held up in the pulp, i.e. EGas = 0
	User Defined	A fixed value of EGas is entered by the user,
	Jg Dependent	Gas hold up, EGas is computed from the value of Jg, mGas and CGas
mGas	Input	Only displayed if Jg Dependent is selected. Value of slope parameter of EGas relationship.
CGas	Input	Only displayed if Jg Dependent is selected. Value of intercept parameter of EGas relationship.
EGas	Input / Display	Fraction of pulp volume occupied by gas.
ResidenceTime
ResTimeBasis	Feed	Residence time is calculated using the volumetric flow rate of the feed stream.
ResTimeBasis	Tailing	Residence time is calculated using the volumetric flow rate of the tailing stream.
CellResidenceTime / tau	Display	Residence time of pulp in the cell.
BubbleFlux
SbOption	User Defined	The user specifies a fixed value of Sb.
	Gorain	Sb is calculated by the Gorain equation.
	User Equation	Sb is calculated by the an equation with user-specified parameters.
	Mean Diameter	Sb is calculated using the mean bubble diameter.
ImpellerTipSpeed / Ns	Input	Only visible if Gorain or User Equation is selected. Speed of the impeller tip.
ImpellerAspectRatio / As	Input	Only visible if Gorain or User Equation is selected. Aspect ratio of the impeller.
UseCalculatedP80	CheckBox	Only visible if Gorain or User Equation is selected. Specifies whether the feed stream P80 value should be used in the Sb equation. If not, P80 is user defined.
C	Input	Only visible if User Equation is selected. Coefficient of the user equation.
a	Input	Only visible if User Equation is selected. Exponent of the user equation.
b	Input	Only visible if User Equation is selected. Exponent of the user equation.
c	Input	Only visible if User Equation is selected. Exponent of the user equation.
d	Input	Only visible if User Equation is selected. Exponent of the user equation.
e	Input	Only visible if User Equation is selected. Exponent of the user equation.
MeanBubbleDiameter / db	Input	Only visible if Mean Diameter is selected. Sauter mean bubble diameter.
Sb	Display	Value of the bubble surface area flux.
WaterRecovery
WaterOption	Fixed % Solids	The user specifies the required concentrate solids mass fraction.
	Solids Dependent	Water is recovered to concentrate according to the solids dependent power law function.
	Rate Function	Water is recovered to concentrate according to the rate function kinetic equation.
	User Defined	The fraction of feed water recovered to concentrate is specified by the user.
QCon.SfReqd	Input	Only visible if Fixed % Solids is selected. Required concentrate solids mass fraction.
aW	Input	Only visible if Solids Dependent is selected. Parameter of the power law function.
bW	Input	Only visible if Solids Dependent is selected. Parameter of the power law function.
kW	Input	Only visible if Rate Function' is selected. Kinetic parameter of the rate function.
Rw	Input / Display	The fraction of feed water recovered to concentrate.
MaxFrothCarryRate	Input	The maximum allowed size of internal sub-steps for each SysCAD step.
FrothLimits
MaxFrothCarryRate	Input	The maximum froth carry rate.
FrothCarryRate	Display	The actual froth carry rate at this time step.
LipLength	Input	Length of the cell overflow lip.
MaxLipLoading	Input	Maximum lip loading of the cell.
LipLoading	Display	The actual lip loading of the cell at this time step.
MaxFrothDepthFrac	Input	Maximum froth depth as a fraction of the cell height.
MaxFrothDepth	Display	The maximum froth depth.
FrothDepth	Display	The actual froth depth.

Connect page

The Cell page is used to specify the input parameters for the feed and tailings discharge connections.

Tag (Long/Short)	Input / Display	Description/Calculated Variables/Options
FeedInlet
HeightFrac	Input	The connection height of the feed inlet on the cell, expressed as a fraction of the cell height.
Height	Display	The actual height of the feed inlet from the bottom of the cell.
Head.Height	Display	The static head, the height of material above the feed inlet.
Head.DeltaP	Display	The static head pressure due to material above the feed inlet ( = MeasRho * g * Head.Height)
Pressure	Display	The calculated pressure of the feed inlet. The sum of the tank pressure and the static head.
MeasRho	Display	The density of the cell contents above the feed inlet. Include solids, liquids and gas hold-up.
TailingsOutlet
HeightFrac	Input	The connection height of the tailings outlet on the cell, expressed as a fraction of the cell height.
Height	Display	The actual height of the tailings outlet from the bottom of the cell.
Head.Height	Display	The static head, the height of material above the tailings outlet.
Head.DeltaP	Display	The static head pressure due to material above the tailings outlet ( = MeasRho * g * Head.Height)
Pressure	Display	The calculated pressure of the tailings outlet. The sum of the tank pressure and the static head.
MeasRho	Display	The density of the cell contents above the tailings outlet. Include solids, liquids and gas hold-up.
Tailings
These additional Output connection tags are also available on the SysCAD Pipe access window. Any changes made here will be updated on the pipe access window and vice-versa.
CapacityControl	Off	The maximum mass flow through the outlet will be set to unlimited amount (uncontrolled).
	ByMassFlow	The maximum mass flow through the outlet.
	ByVolumeFlow	The maximum volumetric flow through the outlet.
Qm.ReqdCapacity / Qm.Capacity	Input	Visible when ByMassFlow option is selected. The required pipe Capacity in mass flow.
Qm.MinCapacity / Qm.MinCap	Input	Visible with the ByMassFlow method. The minimum user specified flow capacity by mass.
Qm.MaxCapacity / Qm.MaxCap	Input	Visible with the ByMassFlow method. The maximum user specified flow capacity by mass. Enter * for unlimited flow.
Qv.ReqdCapacity / Qv.Capacity	Input	Visible when ByVolumeFlow option is selected. The required pipe Capacity in volumetric flow.
Qv.MinCapacity / Qv.MinCap	Input	Visible with the ByVolumeFlow method. The minimum user specified flow capacity by volume.
Qv.MaxCapacity / Qv.MaxCap	Input	Visible with the ByVolumeFlow method. The maximum user specified flow capacity by volume. Enter * for unlimited flow.
MeasRho	Display	The stream density used when converting between mass and volume flows.
OverCapacity	Spill	If more material enters the pipe then the Maximum Capacity value, then the excess material will be 'spilled' and sent to the Spills area.
OverCapacity	Accept	If more material enters the pipe then the Maximum Capacity value, then the pipe must accept the excess material.

CellScaleUp page

This page is used to specify the cell scale up input parameters.

Tag (Long/Short)	Input / Display	Description/Calculated Variables/Options
Distribution
Name	Display	Shows the name of the SysCAD Size Distribution (PSD) quality associated with the feed stream.
IntervalCount	Display	Shows the number of size intervals in the SysCAD Size Distribution (PSD) quality associated with the feed stream.
SpWithPSDCount	Display	Shows the number of species in the feed stream assigned with the SysCAD Size Distribution (PSD) quality.
CellScaleUp
Selection	Stream	A single CellScaleUp value is specified for all species and sizes.
	Species	CellScaleUp values are specified per species, for all sizes of that species.
	Size	CellScaleUp values are specified per size interval, for all species in that interval.
	Species-Size	Individual CellScaleUp values are specified for each size interval of each species.
Size	Display	Size of each interval in internal mesh series.
MeanSize	Display	Geometric mean size of each interval in internal mesh series.
CellScaleUp	Input / Display	Cell scale-up factor (C) for each size interval, in each solid species.

Froth page

This page is used to specify the froth recovery input parameters.

Tag (Long/Short)	Input / Display	Description/Calculated Variables/Options
Distribution
Name	Display	Shows the name of the SysCAD Size Distribution (PSD) quality associated with the feed stream.
IntervalCount	Display	Shows the number of size intervals in the SysCAD Size Distribution (PSD) quality associated with the feed stream.
SpWithPSDCount	Display	Shows the number of species in the feed stream assigned with the SysCAD Size Distribution (PSD) quality.
Froth
Method	User Defined	The user specifies fractional froth recovery.
	FRT Entrain	The froth residence time model is used to determine fractional froth recovery values. The non-draining fraction is equal to calculated entrainment.
	FRT User Np	The froth residence time model is used to determine fractional froth recovery values. The non-draining fraction can be specified by the user.
Selection	Stream	Only visible if User Defined Method is selected. A single froth recovery value is specified for all species and sizes.
	Species	Only visible if User Defined Method is selected. Froth recovery values are specified per species, for all sizes of that species.
	Size	Only visible if User Defined Method is selected. Froth recovery values are specified per size interval, for all species in that interval.
	Species-Size	Only visible if User Defined Method is selected. Individual froth recovery values are specified for each size interval of each species.
FrothVoidage / Efroth	Input	Only visible if FRT Entrain or FRT User Np methods are selected. Volumetric fraction of void space in the froth.
FrothResTimeBasis	Air	Only visible if FRT Entrain or FRT User Np methods are selected. Froth residence time is determined based on the superficial gas velocity (Jg).
FrothResTimeBasis	Slurry	Only visible if FRT Entrain or FRT User Np methods are selected. Froth residence time is determined based on the volumetric flow rate of concentrate.
FrothResidenceTime / FRT	Input / Display	Only visible if FRT Entrain or FRT User Np methods are selected. Residence time in froth.
DetachRateConst / Beta	Input	Only visible if FRT Entrain or FRT User Np methods are selected. Detachment rate constant per solid species.
NonDrainingFrac / Np	Input	Only visible if FRT Entrain or FRT User Np methods are selected. Non-draining fraction per solid species.
Size	Display	Size of each interval in internal mesh series.
MeanSize	Display	Geometric mean size of each interval in internal mesh series.
FrothRecovery	Input / Display	Fractional recovery in froth (Rf) for each size interval, in each solid species.

Entrainment page

This page is used to specify the entrainment input parameters.

Tag (Long/Short)	Input / Display	Description/Calculated Variables/Options
Distribution
Name	Display	Shows the name of the SysCAD Size Distribution (PSD) quality associated with the feed stream.
IntervalCount	Display	Shows the number of size intervals in the SysCAD Size Distribution (PSD) quality associated with the feed stream.
SpWithPSDCount	Display	Shows the number of species in the feed stream assigned with the SysCAD Size Distribution (PSD) quality.
Entrainment
Method	No Entrainment.	No entrainment, all values of ENTp are zero.
	User Defined	The user specifies fractional recovery by entrainment.
	Hyperbolic	The Hyperbolic model is used to determine fractional recovery by entrainment values.
	FRT Dependent	The froth residence time approach is used to determine fractional recovery by entrainment values.
Selection	Stream	Only visible if User Defined Method is selected. A single recovery by entrainment value is specified for all species and sizes.
	Species	Only visible if User Defined Method is selected. Recovery by entrainment values are specified per species, for all sizes of that species.
	Size	Only visible if User Defined Method is selected. Recovery by entrainment values are specified per size interval, for all species in that interval.
	Species-Size	Only visible if User Defined Method is selected. Individual recovery by entrainment values are specified for each size interval of each species.
E20	Input	Only visible if Hyperbolic Method is selected. Parameter of the Hyperbolic entrainment equation.
DrainageParameter / Delta	Input	Only visible if Hyperbolic Method is selected. Parameter of the Hyperbolic entrainment equation.
FrothVoidage / Efroth	Input / Display	Only visible if FRT Dependent Method is selected. Volumetric fraction of void space in the froth. Equal to the FrothVoidage input on the Froth page if the Froth Residence Time froth recovery method is selected, otherwise a user defined value.
FrothResTimeBasis	Air	Only visible if FRT Dependent Method is selected. Froth residence time for recovery by entrainment is determined based on the superficial gas velocity (Jg).
FrothResTimeBasis	Slurry	Only visible if FRT Dependent Method is selected. Froth residence time for recovery by entrainment is determined based on the volumetric flow rate of concentrate.
FrothResidenceTime / FRT	Input / Display	Only visible if FRT Dependent Method is selected. Residence time in froth for recovery by entrainment determination. May be different to FrothResidenceTime on Froth page if different FrothResTimeBasis (Air/Slurry) is selected for each.
Size	Display	Size of each interval in internal mesh series.
MeanSize	Display	Geometric mean size of each interval in internal mesh series.
DrainageFactor	Input	Only visible if FRT Dependent Method is selected. Drainage factors ( $\omega$ ) for the FRT entrainment equation, for each size interval.
Entrainment	Input / Display	Recovery by entrainment (ENTp) values for each size interval, in each solid species.

Floatability page

This page is used to specify the floatability input parameters.

Tag (Long/Short)	Input / Display	Description/Calculated Variables/Options
Distribution
Name	Display	Shows the name of the SysCAD Size Distribution (PSD) quality associated with the feed stream.
IntervalCount	Display	Shows the number of size intervals in the SysCAD Size Distribution (PSD) quality associated with the feed stream.
SpWithPSDCount	Display	Shows the number of species in the feed stream assigned with the SysCAD Size Distribution (PSD) quality.
Floatability
Selection	Stream	A single floatability value is specified for all species and sizes.
	Species	Floatability values are specified per species, for all sizes of that species.
	Size	Floatability values are specified per size interval, for all species in that interval.
	Species-Size	Individual floatability values are specified for each size interval of each species.
Size	Display	Size of each interval in internal mesh series.
MeanSize	Display	Geometric mean size of each interval in internal mesh series.
Floatability	Input	Floatability parameters for each size interval, in each solid species.

CZ page

This page displays information about the solids and liquids that currently comprise the cell collection zone contents.

Tag (Long/Short)	Input / Display	Description/Calculated Variables/Options
CZ
PulpVolumeMax / VtMax	Input / Display	The maximum volume of pulp the cell can contain before overflow. Includes gas hold-up.
PulpVolume / Vt	Display	The actual volume of pulp in the cell. Includes gas hold-up.
CellHeight	Display	Height of the cell from the bottom to the lip.
PulpHeight	Display	The current pulp height in the cell. Includes gas hold-up.
PulpLevel	Display	The current pulp height in the cell as a fraction of cell height. Includes gas hold-up.
Content
SolidMass / SMt	Display	The mass of solids with the SysCAD size distribution property currently in the cell.
LiquidMass / LMt	Display	The mass of liquids currently in the cell.
Size	Display	Size of each interval in internal mesh series.
MeanSize	Display	Geometric mean size of each interval in internal mesh series.
Content	Display	The mass of solids with the SysCAD size distribution property currently in the cell, by size and species.

CZContent, Sp, Ec, Sz and MSz pages

These pages display the standard SysCAD Material Content, Species Content and Size pages for the current collection zone content.

Recovery page

The Recovery page is used to display (or specify) the recovery by species/component/element/individual phase and size values.

Tag (Long/Short)	Input / Display	Description/Calculated Variables/Options
Distribution
Name	Display	Shows the name of the SysCAD Size Distribution (PSD) quality associated with the feed stream.
IntervalCount	Display	Shows the number of size intervals in the SysCAD Size Distribution (PSD) quality associated with the feed stream.
SpWithPSDCount	Display	Shows the number of species in the feed stream assigned with the SysCAD Size Distribution (PSD) quality.
Recovery
Method	Model/User	Select model-calculated or user-defined recovery to separate each solids species type.
Density	Display	Density of each solid species.
Size	Display	Size of each interval in mesh series.
MeanSize	Display	Geometric mean size of each interval in mesh series.
All (All column)	Display	Actual overall recovery to concentrate of all solid species, for each size interval. Excludes solid species not present in the cell feed.
Recovery	Display	Recovery to concentrate for each size interval, in each solid species, as determined by the selected model or user defined value. Note: These values are displayed regardless of whether the solid species is present in the cell feed or not.
All (All row, All column)	Display	Displays the actual, total, recovery of all solids with a particle size distribution property in the feed to concentrate. Excludes solid species not present in the cell feed.
All (All row, per species)	Display	Actual overall recovery to concentrate for each solid species, for all size intervals in that species. Excludes solid species not present in the cell feed.
CmpRecovery
Components		Hides or shows component recovery table.
Size	Display	Size of each interval in mesh series.
MeanSize	Display	Geometric mean size of each interval in mesh series.
All (All column)	Display	Actual overall recovery to concentrate of all solid components, for each size interval. Excludes solid components not present in the cell feed.
CmpRecovery	Display	Recovery to concentrate for each size interval, in each solid component, as determined by the selected model or user defined value. Excludes solid components not present in the cell feed.
All (All row, All column)	Display	Displays the actual, total, recovery of all solid components with a particle size distribution property in the feed to concentrate. Excludes solid components not present in the cell feed.
All (All row, per component)	Display	Actual overall recovery to concentrate for each solid component, for all size intervals in that component. Excludes solid components not present in the cell feed.
EleRecovery
Elements		Hides or shows element recovery table.
Size	Display	Size of each interval in mesh series.
MeanSize	Display	Geometric mean size of each interval in mesh series.
All (All column)	Display	Actual overall recovery to concentrate of all solid elements, for each size interval. Excludes solid elements not present in the cell feed.
EleRecovery	Display	Recovery to concentrate for each size interval, in each solid element, as determined by the selected model or user defined value. Excludes solid elements not present in the cell feed.
All (All row, All column)	Display	Displays the actual, total, recovery of all solid elements with a particle size distribution property in the feed to concentrate. Excludes solid elements not present in the cell feed.
All (All row, per element)	Display	Actual overall recovery to concentrate for each solid element, for all size intervals in that component. Excludes solid elements not present in the cell feed.
IPhRecovery
IPhases		Hides or shows individual phases recovery table.
Size	Display	Size of each interval in mesh series.
MeanSize	Display	Geometric mean size of each interval in mesh series.
All (All column)	Display	Actual overall recovery to concentrate of all solid individual phases, for each size interval. Excludes solid individual phases not present in the cell feed.
IPhRecovery	Display	Recovery to concentrate for each size interval, in each solid individual phase, as determined by the selected model or user defined value. Excludes solid individual phases not present in the cell feed.
All (All row, All column)	Display	Displays the actual, total, recovery of all solid individual phases with a particle size distribution property in the feed to concentrate. Excludes solid individual phases not present in the cell feed.
All (All row, per individual phase)	Display	Actual overall recovery to concentrate for each solid individual phase, for all size intervals in that component. Excludes solid individual phases not present in the cell feed.

About page

This page is provides product and licensing information about the Met Dynamics Models SysCAD Add-On.

Tag (Long/Short)	Input / Display	Description/Calculated Variables/Options
About
HelpLink		Opens a link to the Installation and Licensing page using the system default web browser. Note: Internet access is required.
Information		Copies Product and License information to the Windows clipboard.
Product
Name	Display	Met Dynamics software product name
Version	Display	Met Dynamics software product version number.
BuildDate	Display	Build date and time of the Met Dynamics Models SysCAD Add-On.
License
File		This is used to locate a Met Dynamics software license file.
Location	Display	Type of Met Dynamics software license or file name and path of license file.
SiteCode	Display	Unique machine identifier for license authorisation.
ReqdAuth	Display	Authorisation level required, MD-SysCAD Full or MD-SysCAD Runtime.
Status	Display	License status, LICENSE_OK indicates a valid license, other messages report licensing errors.
IssuedTo	Display	Only visible if Met Dynamics license file is used. Name of organisation/seat the license is authorised to.
ExpiryDate	Display	Only visible if Met Dynamics license file is used. License expiry date.
DaysLeft	Display	Only visible if Met Dynamics license file is used. Days left before the license expires.

Additional notes

Solid species that do not possess a particle size distribution property are split according to the overall mass split of the default particle size distribution species selected in the SysCAD Project Configuration.
If the default particle size distribution species is not present in the unit feed, the overall split of all other species with particle size distributions combined is used, as determined by the model.
Gas phase species report directly to the tailings stream without split.

External links

References

↑ Savassi, O.N., 2005. A compartment model for the mass transfer inside a conventional flotation cell. International Journal of Mineral Processing, 77(2), pp.65-79.

[Savassi_(2005)-1] Savassi, O.N., 2005. A compartment model for the mass transfer inside a conventional flotation cell. International Journal of Mineral Processing, 77(2), pp.65-79.

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