Hydrocyclone (Nageswararao): Difference between revisions
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== Model theory == | == Model theory == | ||
{{Restricted content}} | |||
<hide> | |||
[[File:HydrocycloneNageswararao1.png|thumb|375px|Figure 1. The dimensions of a hydrocyclone required by the Nageswararao model.]] | [[File:HydrocycloneNageswararao1.png|thumb|375px|Figure 1. The dimensions of a hydrocyclone required by the Nageswararao model.]] | ||
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=== Multi-component modelling === | === Multi-component modelling === | ||
The original Nageswararao model formulation | The original Nageswararao model formulation included a pulp density term, <math>\rho_{\rm p}</math>, in the corrected cut size equation. The pulp may comprise a number of individual ore or mineral components with different solid densities. | ||
Napier-Munn (1996) suggests scaling the corrected cut sizes of individual mineral components within a stream based on solid density:{{Napier-Munn et al. (1996)}} | Napier-Munn (1996) suggests scaling the corrected cut sizes of individual mineral components within a stream based on solid density:{{Napier-Munn et al. (1996)}} | ||
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{{Model theory (Text, Hydrocyclone, Roping)}} | {{Model theory (Text, Hydrocyclone, Roping)}} | ||
</hide> | |||
== Excel == | == Excel == | ||
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{{Excel (Text, Inputs)}} | {{Excel (Text, Inputs)}} | ||
:<math>Parameters= | :<math>\mathit{Parameters}= | ||
\begin{bmatrix} | \begin{bmatrix} | ||
\text{Pressure control}\\ | \text{Pressure control}\\ | ||
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\end{bmatrix},\;\;\;\;\;\; | \end{bmatrix},\;\;\;\;\;\; | ||
Size = \begin{bmatrix} | \mathit{Size} = \begin{bmatrix} | ||
d_{1}\text{ (mm)}\\ | d_{1}\text{ (mm)}\\ | ||
\vdots\\ | \vdots\\ | ||
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\end{bmatrix},\;\;\;\;\;\; | \end{bmatrix},\;\;\;\;\;\; | ||
Feed= \begin{bmatrix} | \mathit{Feed}= \begin{bmatrix} | ||
(Q_{\rm M,F})_{11}\text{ (t/h)} & \dots & (Q_{\rm M,F})_{1m}\text{ (t/h)}\\ | (Q_{\rm M,F})_{11}\text{ (t/h)} & \dots & (Q_{\rm M,F})_{1m}\text{ (t/h)}\\ | ||
\vdots & \ddots & \vdots\\ | \vdots & \ddots & \vdots\\ | ||
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\end{bmatrix},\;\;\;\;\;\; | \end{bmatrix},\;\;\;\;\;\; | ||
OreSG= \begin{bmatrix} | \mathit{OreSG}= \begin{bmatrix} | ||
(\rho_{\rm S})_1\text{ (t/m}^\text{3}\text{)} & \dots & (\rho_{\rm S})_m\text{ (t/m}^\text{3}\text{)}\\ | (\rho_{\rm S})_1\text{ (t/m}^\text{3}\text{)} & \dots & (\rho_{\rm S})_m\text{ (t/m}^\text{3}\text{)}\\ | ||
\end{bmatrix} | \end{bmatrix} | ||
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:<math> | :<math> | ||
mdUnit\_Hydrocyclone\_Nageswararao = | \mathit{mdUnit\_Hydrocyclone\_Nageswararao} = | ||
\begin{bmatrix} | \begin{bmatrix} | ||
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\begin{bmatrix} | \begin{bmatrix} | ||
( | (E_{\rm oa})_{11}\text{ (frac)} & \dots & (E_{\rm oa})_{1m}\text{ (frac)}\\ | ||
\vdots & \ddots & \vdots\\ | |||
(E_{\rm oa})_{n1}\text{ (frac)} & \dots & (E_{\rm oa})_{nm}\text{ (frac)}\\ | |||
\end{bmatrix} | |||
& | |||
\begin{bmatrix} | |||
(P_{\rm OF})_{1,{\rm All}}\\ | |||
\vdots\\ | \vdots\\ | ||
(P_{\rm OF}) | (P_{\rm OF})_{n,{\rm All}}\\ | ||
\end{bmatrix} | \end{bmatrix} | ||
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* <math>(Q_{\rm M,OF})_{\rm L}</math> is the mass flow rate of liquids to the overflow stream (t/h) | * <math>(Q_{\rm M,OF})_{\rm L}</math> is the mass flow rate of liquids to the overflow stream (t/h) | ||
* <math>(Q_{\rm M,UF})_{\rm L}</math> is the mass flow rate of liquids to the underflow stream (t/h) | * <math>(Q_{\rm M,UF})_{\rm L}</math> is the mass flow rate of liquids to the underflow stream (t/h) | ||
* <math>\text{SPOC }C_{\rm VU}</math> is the SPOC roping limit of volume fraction solids in the underflow stream (v/v) | * <math>\text{SPOC }C_{\rm VU}</math> is the SPOC roping limit of volume fraction solids in the underflow stream (v/v) | ||
* <math>\text{Plitt }M_{\rm SU}</math> is the Plitt roping limit of volumetric flow rate of solids in the underflow stream (m<sup>3</sup>/h) | * <math>\text{Plitt }M_{\rm SU}</math> is the Plitt roping limit of volumetric flow rate of solids in the underflow stream (m<sup>3</sup>/h) | ||
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* <math>\text{Bustamante condition}</math> is the underflow discharge type based on the Bustamante geometry limits (''spray'' or ''roping'' discharge) | * <math>\text{Bustamante condition}</math> is the underflow discharge type based on the Bustamante geometry limits (''spray'' or ''roping'' discharge) | ||
* <math>\text{Concha condition}</math> is the underflow discharge type based on the Concha geometry limits (''spray'' or ''roping'' discharge) | * <math>\text{Concha condition}</math> is the underflow discharge type based on the Concha geometry limits (''spray'' or ''roping'' discharge) | ||
* <math>Q_{\rm M,UF}</math> is mass flow rate of solids to the underflow stream (t/h) | |||
* <math>Q_{\rm M,OF}</math> is mass flow rate of solids to the overflow stream (t/h) | |||
* <math>(P_{\rm OF})_{i,{\rm All}}</math> is the actual partition of all particles of size <math>i</math> to the overflow stream, computed as <math>\frac{\sum_{j=1}^m(Q_{\rm M,OF})_{ij}}{\sum_{j=1}^m(Q_{\rm M,F})_{ij}}</math> (frac) | |||
=== Example === | === Example === | ||
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|CheckBox | |CheckBox | ||
|If enabled, the number of cyclones is adjusted to maintain operating pressure at the feed volumetric flow rate. | |If enabled, the number of cyclones is adjusted to maintain operating pressure at the feed volumetric flow rate. | ||
|- | |||
|DensityCorrection | |||
|CheckBox | |||
|If enabled, the density of individual species is used to compute separate <math>d_{50c}</math> values, as described in [[Hydrocyclone (Nageswararao)#Multi-component modelling|Multi-component modelling]] above. | |||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan="3" style="text-align:left;" |''Dimensions'' | ! colspan="3" style="text-align:left;" |''Dimensions'' | ||
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|} | |} | ||
{{SysCAD (Page, Hydrocyclone, Partition)}} | {{SysCAD (Page, Hydrocyclone, Partition)|ActionU=Partition|ActionL=partition|DestinationU=Overflow|DestinationL=overflow|UnitL=cyclone}} | ||
{{SysCAD (Page, Hydrocyclone, Roping)}} | {{SysCAD (Page, Hydrocyclone, Roping)}} |
Latest revision as of 10:05, 4 December 2024
Description
This article describes the Nageswararao model for hydrocyclone size classification.[1]
Model theory
This content is available to registered users. Please log in to view. |
Excel
The Nageswararao hydrocyclone model may be invoked from the Excel formula bar with the following function call:
=mdUnit_Hydrocyclone_Nageswararao(Parameters as Range, Size as Range, Feed as Range, OreSG Range)
Invoking the function with no arguments will print Help text associated with the model, including a link to this page.
Inputs
The required inputs are defined below in matrix notation with elements corresponding to cells in Excel row () x column () format:
where:
- indicates whether the number of cyclones required at the given feed flow rate and pressure set point is returned (TRUE) or the operating pressure at the given feed flowrate and number of cyclones is returned (FALSE)
- is the number of cyclones operating in a cluster. The number of cyclones is ignored if is TRUE (the value is returned in the results instead)
- , the operating pressure, is ignored if is FALSE (the value is returned in the results instead)
- is the size of the square mesh interval that feed mass is retained on (mm)
- is the number of ore types
- is feed solids mass flow rate by size and ore type (t/h)
- is the mass flow feed rate of liquids into the cyclone (t/h)
Results
The results are displayed in Excel as an array corresponding to the matrix notation below:
where:
- is the number of cyclones required at the given and operating pressure , if = TRUE
- is the volumetric feed flow rate per cyclone (m3/h)
- is the total volumetric feed flow rate to the cluster of cyclones (m3/h)
- is the pressure drop across the cyclone cluster with operating at feed rate , if = FALSE (kPa)
- is actual split of liquids to the overflow (frac)
- is the mass flow rate of liquids to the overflow stream (t/h)
- is the mass flow rate of liquids to the underflow stream (t/h)
- is the SPOC roping limit of volume fraction solids in the underflow stream (v/v)
- is the Plitt roping limit of volumetric flow rate of solids in the underflow stream (m3/h)
- is the Plit roping limit of volume fraction solids in the underflow stream (v/v)
- is the underflow discharge type based on the Bustamante geometry limits (spray or roping discharge)
- is the underflow discharge type based on the Concha geometry limits (spray or roping discharge)
- is mass flow rate of solids to the underflow stream (t/h)
- is mass flow rate of solids to the overflow stream (t/h)
- is the actual partition of all particles of size to the overflow stream, computed as (frac)
Example
The images below show the selection of input arrays and output results in the Excel interface.
SysCAD
The sections and variable names used in the SysCAD interface are described in detail in the following tables.
MD_Hydrocyclone page
The first tab page in the access window will have this name.
Tag (Long/Short) | Input / Display | Description/Calculated Variables/Options |
---|---|---|
Tag | Display | This name tag may be modified with the change tag option. |
Condition | Display | OK if no errors/warnings, otherwise lists errors/warnings. |
ConditionCount | Display | The current number of errors/warnings. If condition is OK, returns 0. |
GeneralDescription / GenDesc | Display | This is an automatically generated description for the unit. If the user has entered text in the 'EqpDesc' field on the Info tab (see below), this will be displayed here.
If this field is blank, then SysCAD will display the unit class ID. |
Requirements | ||
On | CheckBox | This enables the unit. If this box is not checked, then the MassFracToUF option appears below. |
MassFracToUF | Input | Only appears if the On field above is not checked. Specifies the fraction of feed mass that reports to the underflow stream when the model is off. |
Method | Partition (User) | The partition to overflow for each size interval is defined by the user. Different values can be used for different solids. |
Partition (Reid-Plitt) | The partition to overflow for each size interval is defined by a Reid-Plitt efficiency curve. Different parameters can be used for different solids. | |
Partition (Whiten-Beta) | The partition to overflow for each size interval is defined by a Whiten-Beta efficiency curve. Different parameters can be used for different solids. | |
Nageswararao | The Nageswararao model is used to determine the partition of solids to underflow and overflow for each size interval. | |
Narasimha-Mainza (2014) | The Narasimha-Mainza (2014) model is used to determine the partition of solids to underflow and overflow for each size interval. | |
Narasimha-Mainza (Multi) | The Narasimha-Mainza (Multi) model is used to determine the partition of solids to underflow and overflow for each size interval. | |
Plitt | The Plitt model is used to determine the partition of solids to underflow and overflow for each size interval. | |
RopingCalcs | CheckBox | Show addition calculations that predict the onset of cyclone underflow roping. |
Options | ||
ShowQFeed | CheckBox | QFeed and associated tab pages (eg Sp) will become visible, showing the properties of the combined feed stream. |
ShowQOF | CheckBox | QOF and associated tab pages (eg Sp) will become visible, showing the properties of the overflow stream. |
ShowQUF | CheckBox | QUF and associated tab pages (eg Sp) will become visible, showing the properties of the underflow stream. |
SizeForPassingFracCalc | Input | Size fraction for % Passing calculation. The size fraction input here will be shown in the Stream Summary section. |
FracForPassingSizeCalc | Input | Fraction passing for Size calculation. The fraction input here will be shown in the Stream Summary section. |
Stream Summary | ||
MassFlow / Qm | Display | The total mass flow in each stream. |
SolidMassFlow / SQm | Display | The Solids mass flow in each stream. |
LiquidMassFlow / LQm | Display | The Liquid mass flow in each stream. |
VolFlow / Qv | Display | The total Volume flow in each stream. |
Temperature / T | Display | The Temperature of each stream. |
Density / Rho | Display | The Density of each stream. |
SolidFrac / Sf | Display | The Solid Fraction in each stream. |
LiquidFrac / Lf | Display | The Liquid Fraction in each stream. |
Passing | Display | The mass fraction passing the user-specified size (in the field SizeForPassingFracCalc) in each stream. |
Passes | Display | The user-specified (in the field FracForPassesSizeCalc) fraction of material in each stream will pass this size fraction. |
Cyclone page
The Cyclone page is used to specify the input parameters for the hydrocyclone model.
Tag (Long/Short) | Input / Display | Description/Calculated Variables/Options |
---|---|---|
Nageswararao | ||
HelpLink | Opens a link to this page using the system default web browser. Note: Internet access is required. | |
PressureControl | CheckBox | If enabled, the number of cyclones is adjusted to maintain operating pressure at the feed volumetric flow rate. |
DensityCorrection | CheckBox | If enabled, the density of individual species is used to compute separate values, as described in Multi-component modelling above. |
Dimensions | ||
NumberCyclones / NumCyclones | Input | The number of operating cyclone units in the cluster. |
CycloneDiameter / Dc | Input | Diameter of the cyclone. |
InletDiameter / Di | Input | Diameter of a circular inlet or the diameter of a circle with the same area as a non-circular inlet. |
CycloneDiameter / Dc | Input | Diameter of the cyclone. |
OverflowDiameter / Do | Input | Diameter of the vortex finder (overflow). |
UnderflowDiameter / Du | Input | Diameter of the apex/spigot (underflow). |
CylSectLength / Lc | Input | Length of the cylindrical section of the cyclone. |
ConeFullAngle / Theta | Input | Full angle of the cone section of the cyclone. |
Parameters | ||
KD0 | Input | Calibration factor for the d50c equation. |
KQ0 | Input | Calibration factor for the pressure-flowrate equation |
KV1 | Input | Calibration factor for the volumetric pulp recovery to underflow equation. |
KW1 | Input | Calibration factor for the liquids recovery to underflow equation. |
Alpha | Input | Sharpness parameter of the Whiten-Beta efficiency curve equation. |
Beta | Input | 'Fish hook' parameter of the Whiten-Beta efficiency curve equation. |
Liquids | ||
LiquidsSeparMethod | Split To UF (User) | Liquids are split to underflow by a user-defined fraction of liquids in the feed. |
Split To UF (Model) | Liquids are split to underflow by a fraction computed by the associated model. | |
UF Solids Fraction | Sufficient liquids mass is recovered to the underflow stream to yield the user-defined underflow solids mass fraction value (if possible). | |
UF Liquids Fraction | Sufficient liquids mass is recovered to the underflow stream to yield the user-defined underflow liquids mass fraction value (if possible). | |
UFSolidsFracReqd / UF.SfReqd | Input | Required value of the mass fraction of solids in the underflow stream. Only visible if UF Solids Fraction is selected. |
UFLiquidsFracReqd / UF.LfReqd | Input | Required value of the mass fraction of liquids in the underflow stream. Only visible if UF Liquids Fraction is selected. |
LiqSplitToUF / UF.LiqSplit | Input/Display | The fraction of liquids recovered to underflow. |
Results | ||
ClusterQv / Cluster.Qv | Display | Volumetric flow rate of feed to the cyclone cluster (i.e. total flow). |
CycloneQv / Cyclone.Qv | Display | Volumetric flow rate of feed to each cyclone in the cluster (i.e. per cyclone flow). |
OperatingPressure / P | Display | Pressure drop across the cyclone. |
VolFracSolids / Cv | Display | Volume fraction of solids in feed stream. |
lambda | Display | Hindered settling factor. |
Rf | Display | Fraction of feed liquids recovered to underflow stream. |
Rv | Display | Fraction of feed slurry volume recovered to underflow stream. |
WaterSplitToOF / OF.LiqSplit | Display | Actual fraction of feed liquids recovered to overflow stream. |
d50 | Display | The separation size, d50, of all solid particles in the feed. |
EcartProbable / Ep | Display | The value of the Ecart Probable of the separation. |
Imperfection / I | Display | The value of the Imperfection of the separation. |
d50c | Display | Value of the corrected d50c, per species. |
Beta* | Display | Value of , per species. |
Partition page
The Partition page is used to specify or display the partition by species and size values.
Tag (Long/Short) | Input / Display | Description/Calculated Variables/Options |
---|---|---|
Distribution | ||
Name | Display | Shows the name of the SysCAD Size Distribution (PSD) quality associated with the feed stream. |
IntervalCount | Display | Shows the number of size intervals in the SysCAD Size Distribution (PSD) quality associated with the feed stream. |
SpWithPSDCount | Display | Shows the number of species in the feed stream assigned with the SysCAD Size Distribution (PSD) quality. |
Partition | ||
Method | Model/User | Select model-calculated or user-defined partition to separate each solids species type. |
Density | Display | Density of each solid species. |
Size | Display | Size of each interval in mesh series. |
MeanSize | Display | Geometric mean size of each interval in mesh series. |
All (All column) | Display |
|
Partition | Display |
|
All (All row, All column) | Display |
|
All (All row, per species) | Display |
|
Roping page
This page displays the results for hydrocyclone roping limit calculations. The page is only visible if Roping is selected on the MD_Hydrocyclone page.
Tag (Long/Short) | Input / Display | Description/Calculated Variables/Options |
---|---|---|
Roping | ||
Underflow | ||
SolidsVolFlow / SQv | Display | Volumetric flow rate of solids in cyclone underflow stream. |
Plitt.MSu | Display | Plitt's volumetric flow rate of solids in cyclone underflow roping limit. |
SolidsVolFrac / Svf | Display | Volume fraction of solids in the cyclone underflow stream. |
SPOC | Display | SPOC volume fraction of solids in the cyclone underflow roping limit. |
Plitt.phiL | Display | Plitt's volume fraction of solids in the cyclone underflow roping limit. |
Geometry | ||
BCondition | Display | Text string describing the spray/roping condition of the cyclone based on Bustamante's geometry limits. |
CCondition | Display | Text string describing the spray/roping condition of the cyclone based on the Concha et al. geometry limits. |
About page
This page is provides product and licensing information about the Met Dynamics Models SysCAD Add-On.
Tag (Long/Short) | Input / Display | Description/Calculated Variables/Options |
---|---|---|
About | ||
HelpLink | Opens a link to the Installation and Licensing page using the system default web browser. Note: Internet access is required. | |
Information | Copies Product and License information to the Windows clipboard. | |
Product | ||
Name | Display | Met Dynamics software product name |
Version | Display | Met Dynamics software product version number. |
BuildDate | Display | Build date and time of the Met Dynamics Models SysCAD Add-On. |
License | ||
File | This is used to locate a Met Dynamics software license file. | |
Location | Display | Type of Met Dynamics software license or file name and path of license file. |
SiteCode | Display | Unique machine identifier for license authorisation. |
ReqdAuth | Display | Authorisation level required, MD-SysCAD Full or MD-SysCAD Runtime. |
Status | Display | License status, LICENSE_OK indicates a valid license, other messages report licensing errors. |
IssuedTo | Display | Only visible if Met Dynamics license file is used. Name of organisation/seat the license is authorised to. |
ExpiryDate | Display | Only visible if Met Dynamics license file is used. License expiry date. |
DaysLeft | Display | Only visible if Met Dynamics license file is used. Days left before the license expires. |
Additional notes
- Solid species that do not possess a particle size distribution property are split according to the overall mass split of the default particle size distribution species selected in the SysCAD Project Configuration.
- If the default particle size distribution species is not present in the unit feed, the overall split of all other species with particle size distributions combined is used, as determined by the model.
- Gas phase species report directly to the overflow stream without split.
See also
References
- ↑ Napier-Munn, T.J., Morrell, S., Morrison, R.D. and Kojovic, T., 1996. Mineral comminution circuits: their operation and optimisation. Julius Kruttschnitt Mineral Research Centre, Indooroopilly, QLD.